Ruža Karlović: “Mišljenja i smjernice mjerodavnih profesionalaca u vezi s problemom tamne brojke nasilja”
Dr. sc. Ruža Karlović, docentica Veleučilišta kriminalistike i javne sigurnosti, Ministarstvo unutarnjih poslova Republike Hrvatske, Avenija Gojka Šuška 1, 10000 Zagreb; rkarlovic@fkz.hr; ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-0062
Sažetak
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je steći dublji uvid u kontekst tzv. tamne brojke nasilja – odnosno neprijavljenih slučajeva – kroz iskustva i mišljenja mjerodavnih profesionalaca. Istraživački problem usmjeren je na razumijevanje razloga zbog kojih žrtve nasilja ne prijavljuju svoje iskustvo, a u skladu s tim oblikovana su i istraživačka pitanja prema utvrđenom protokolu istraživanja. Kvalitativno istraživanje provedeno je metodom polustrukturiranih intervjua s profesionalcima iz četiri ključna sektora: zdravstva, odgoja i obrazovanja, socijalne skrbi te sigurnosno-pravosudnog sustava, na području Zagreba i Osijeka. Rezultati su pokazali da ispitanici redovito prijavljuju očite slučajeve teškog fizičkog nasilja, dok se drugi oblici nasilja – poput psihičkog nasilja ili onoga koje ostavlja manje vidljive posljedice – češće nalaze u sferi tamne brojke. Tijekom intervjua se posebice istaknulo nasilje u obitelji kao dominantna tema, s obzirom na njegove snažne posljedice kako za pojedinca tako i za društvo u cjelini. Iako statistike pokazuju da su muškarci češće počinitelji nasilja, sudionici istraživanja upozoravaju i na nedovoljno vidljive žrtve – djecu, muškarce i starije osobe – koje često ostaju izvan sustava zaštite. Kao najčešće razloge neprijavljivanja nasilja, ispitanici navode: strah žrtava od počinitelja, stigmatizaciju, nedovoljnu informiranost o postupku prijave, spor protok informacija među institucijama te zakonsku obvezu čuvanja povjerljivosti. Na kraju, rad donosi i prijedloge profesionalaca za unaprjeđenje sustava prijavljivanja nasilja, na temelju njihova terenskog iskustva.
Ključne riječi: nasilje, tamna brojka, prijavljivanje nasilja, obiteljsko nasilje
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.75.2.3
Hrčak ID: 336836
URI: https://hrcak.srce.hr/clanak/487068
Stranice: 179-200
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Opinions and Guidelines by Competent Professionals in Regards to the Problem of the Dark Figure of Violence
Ruža Karlović, Ph. D., Assistant Professor, The Police College of the Ministry of Interior Affairs of the Republic of Croatia, Avenija Gojka Šuška 1, 10000 Zagreb; rkarlovic@fkz.hr; ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-0062
Summary
The research aimed to gain insights into the context of the "dark figure" of violence through the experiences of competent professionals. The primary research problem focused on understanding the reasons for not reporting instances of violence. To address this issue, specific research questions were formulated within the research protocol.
Qualitative research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with professionals from four relevant sectors: health, education, social welfare, and security/judicial, in the cities of Zagreb and Osijek. The results revealed that professionals are particularly sensitive to visible and severe physical violence that is commonly reported. In contrast, other forms of violence—such as physical harm and the impaired health of victims—remain largely unreported, contributing to the "dark figure" of violence.
Domestic violence emerged as a significant topic during the interviews due to its profound implications for both individuals and society as a whole. While statistics indicate that men are predominantly identified as perpetrators of violence, the participants also highlighted the concerning issue of men and the elderly being victims of domestic violence.
Across all professions, respondents identified several common reasons for not reporting incidents of violence: fear of the perpetrators, victim labelling, insufficient knowledge about the reporting process, slow data exchange, and concerns over confidentiality.
In conclusion, the paper outlines specific solutions and recommendations that professionals, based on their experiences, suggest in order to enhance the process of reporting violence.
Key words: violence; reporting of violence; domestic violence; dark figure
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.75.2.3
Hrčak ID: 336836
URI: https://hrcak.srce.hr/clanak/487068
Pages: 179-200